A short summary of this paper. Download Download PDF. Translate PDF. Consider supporting material to further your studies. All rights reserved. Minimum PASS. Principles and advantages. Almost every AWS customer with on-premises infrastructure is running a hybrid architecture. Multiple types and sizes of instances. Virginia, 30thJan Ready to download! Review your choices, and then click Launch. You may close the Launch instance box. Make sure the User name is ec2-user, provide the location to the private key that you created earlier on page 14 e.
Make sure you use the name you selected and the correct path to where the file was downloaded. Check the option to save the key location in browser cache so you will not have to retype this location in every time you connect to EC2 instances. Additionally you may be asked a series of questions such as: - Create known hosts directory?
Keep in mind, depending on your configuration and whether MindTerm has been used before on your computer or not, you may or may not get all of these prompts. You may also be asked if you want to store the host key for your Instance.
At this point you have the option to verify the host key MindTerm is seeing with the host key provided by the AWS console to verify that you are connecting directly to your EC2 instance and not some third-party in the middle. Select Yes if prompted. Configure the Linux Instance Modify the web server by adding the following index.
If you are an experienced Linux user, you should know the basics of vi, the default text editor. Otherwise you may want to check out some vi basics. Enter the following. Press Escape, followed by: :wq to save and quit after you add the PHP code above.
Connect to the web server Click Yes, Allocate Right-click on it and choose Associate from the pop-up menu: A popup will allow you to associate the EIP with one of your running instances. Now your Elastic IP address is associated to your instance: Now, verify the new IP address of your web server in a browser: Congratulations! Deploy a simple application on EC2 3. Then distribute load by viewing the application Overview This lab will walk you through the process of creating an Elastic Load Balancer ELB to load balance traffic across several EC2 instances in a single Availability Zone.
You will deploy a simple application on EC2 instances over which you will distribute load by viewing the application in your browser. This lab introduces you to a very basic example of bootstrapping your instances using the meta-data service to get you thinking about more complicated patterns that you might want to implement to configure instances as they are started. Now click on Launch Instance. Next select Launch Classic Wizard and click Continue. It is possible to start your instances using the QuickLaunch wizard, but for the purposes of this lab we want to see all the settings step by step, which is the way the Classic Wizard captures instance information.
In this case this is an Amazon maintained Linux distribution with access to all the software repositories we require to install software for this lab such as Apache and PHP 5. We want to start more than one instance for this lab, so change the number of instances to 2 and click Continue. In the next screen we will use the User Data field to bootstrap our instance, running a custom script to install the necessary packages Apache and PHP and sample code PHP scripts that we will use in this lab.
User data provides a mechanism to pass information to the Amazon metadata service, which instances request information from at launch time. One property of the metadata service is that shell scripts passed in will be executed. In our case we will bootstrap using the script shown in the box below. Next you can click continue on this screen, but you will notice that should you require, you are able to edit the size of the root volume, plus add aditional disks to the instance at boot time.
Give your new web servers a nice name like Essentials Lab Servers and click Continue. For this lab, we will reuse the key pair we created in the earlier lab. You also have the option of creating a new key pair. You need to add a rule for both ports. Your instances will now start. First check the instances we started have finished their creation cycle by monitoring them to make certain they are running.
Now we can grab the public DNS entry allocated to each server so that we can use this to hit the server in our web browser. This is the web page returned by the PHP script that was installed when the instance when it started. It is a simple script that interrogates the metadata service and returns the instance ID and where it is running. This will be information that will help you see which instance you are hitting when we put an Elastic Load Balancer in front of them.
Create an Elastic Load Balancer ELB You now have two web servers, but you need a load balancer in front of these servers to give your users a single location for accessing both servers and to balance user requests across your simple web server farm. The ping path is the location on our web servers the ELB will check is returning a healthy response to keep instances in service or not.
We are lowering this to speed things up for our lab. Click continue to accept the advanced options. Note that these options can be changed in the future, and configure how the ELB Health Check will be performed including the health check protocol, port, and path as well as the health check interval, timeout, and heath thresholds. It will take a couple of minutes to spin up your load balancers, attach your web servers, and pass the health checks. Click on your load balancer, select the Instances tab, and wait until the instances status changes from Out of Service to In Service.
Your ELB is ready when this happens. Note: ELBs work across availability zones and they also scale elastically as demand dictates. You can view these metrics by clicking on the CloudWatch tab in the console.
The metrics are reported as they are encountered and can take several minutes to show up in CloudWatch. The following screenshot shows CloudWatch graphing the HealthyHostCount, which transitioned from zero healthy hosts to two shortly after the ELB was created for this lab. In normal operation we would advise that these servers be located in separate availability zones to enable your application to be fault tolerant.
The interface calling conventions by which an application program accesses operating system and other services. An API is defined at source code level and provides a level of abstraction between the application and the kernel or other privileged utilities to ensure the portability of the code. Web Services can convert your application into a Web-application, which can publish its function or message to the rest of the world.
Web services are application components. It is designed to enable communications between clients and servers. It is used for popular software programming languages to enable rapid development against AWS services without having to use the granular APIs directly. They provide a layer of abstraction on top of the APIs. This is a quick and easy way to create scripts. AWS does not stand still and features are being constantly introduced to make the AWS platform more powerful, hence the tools need to be updated to make use of the latest API improvements so CLI tools will need to be updated from time to time.
Asynchronous of a computer, means having each operation started only after the preceding operation is completed. Tags are managed AWS resources. Tags are key, value pair that you define. It contains all the information necessary to boot instances of your software.
Instance is a result of running a system. IaaS is an abbreviation for Infrastructure as a service. It is the "computing" in cloud computing. Compute is a feature that allows one to take advantage of thousand of networked servers. Utility Computing is the packaging of computing resources, such as computation and storage, as a metered service similar to a traditional public utility such as electricity, water, natural gas, or telephone network. Eventual Consistency is one of the consistency models used in the domain of parallel programming, for example in distributed shared memory, distributed transactions, and Optimistic replication.
Auto Scaling Group: An Auto Scaling group is a representation of multiple Amazon EC2 instances that share similar characteristics, and that are treated as a logical grouping for the purposes of instance scaling and management.
For example, if a single application operates across multiple instances, you might want to increase or decrease the number of instances in that group to improve the performance of the application. You can use the Auto Scaling group to automatically scale the number of instances or maintain a fixed number of instances. Health Check: A health check is a call to check on the state of each instance in an Auto Scaling group. If the instance returns any other state other than running, Auto Scaling considers the instance to be Unhealthy.
Auto Scaling then terminates the instance and launches another one to take its place. This ensures that your Auto Scaling group is consistent and operating normally. For more information, see Maintaining Current Scaling Level. Launch Configuration: A launch configuration captures the parameters necessary to create new EC2 instances. You can attach only one launch configuration to an Auto Scaling group at a time.
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